Design of Solar LED Street Light Controller Based on STC Microcontroller

Faced with the reality that the earth's ecological environment is deteriorating and resources are increasingly scarce, governments around the world have adopted many policies and measures to support and develop energy-saving and environmental protection industries. Solar LED street light is a comprehensive application of energy-saving technologies in solar energy development and lighting, and has the dual advantages of environmental protection and energy conservation. According to statistics, lighting consumption accounts for about 20% of the total electricity consumption. Reducing lighting power is an important way to save energy. Solar energy is clean, environmentally friendly and recyclable. LED lighting is the world's most advanced lighting technology. It is the fourth generation light source after incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and high-intensity discharge lamps. It has a simple structure, high efficiency and weight. Light, safe performance, no pollution, maintenance-free and long life, strong controllability and other characteristics, is considered to be the best way to achieve energy saving in the lighting field. Statistics show that only LED street lights save energy, saving China about one dam from the Three Gorges Dam every year. It is precisely because of the energy-saving and environmental protection advantages of LED lighting fixtures that in recent years, its annual growth rate of global output value has remained above 20%. China has also launched green lighting projects, semiconductor lighting projects, and “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Miles” plans. Advance the development of the industry.

The solar LED street lamp controller designed in this paper firstly detects the solar cell output and battery power and other parameters to determine the system working state, and uses the maximum power point tracking MPPT algorithm to achieve maximum energy collection. After the energy storage is completed, the PWM technology is utilized. Adjusting the brightness of the LED to further save energy, thus achieving automatic control and intelligent energy management of the entire system, and is more conducive to the application of solar street lights.

1 Introduction to Solar LED Street Light System

1.1 The composition of the solar LED street light system

The solar street light system consists of the following parts: solar panels, LED lamps 

1.2 Basic Principles of Solar LED Street Light System

The solar panel made by the photovoltaic effect principle receives solar radiation energy and converts it into electric energy output during the day, and is stored in the battery through the charge and discharge controller; when the illumination is gradually reduced at night, the charge and discharge controller detects this change, and the battery starts. Discharge the LED street light. After the battery is discharged for about 10 hours, the charge and discharge controller operates and the battery discharge ends.

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